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Page 86 - Shawl Weaving Artisan - TP
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    Textile & Handloom                                                               Exercise 1.6.50
           Shawl Weaving Artisan - Wet Processing

           Identification of fiber, yarn, and fabric suitable for wet processing

           Objectives : At the end of this exercise you shall be able to
           •  identify and differentiate between various fibers, yarns, and fabrics based on their suitability for wet
            processing.
           • observe the water absorbency, dye affinity, and surface characteristics that affect wet processing behavior
           • develop practical skills in sample testing and textile material recognition.

             Requirements

              Tools/equipment’s/Instruments                     Materials/Components
             •   Magnifying glass                   - 1 No.     •  Fibers: Cotton, Wool, Silk, Polyester, Nylon
             •  Dropper                             - 1 No.        Yarns:  Cotton yarn,  Wool yarn,  Polyester yarn,
             •  Small dye/color solution            - 1 No.        Nylon yarn.
             •  Beakers                             - 1 No.     •   Fabrics: Cotton fabric, Wool fabric, Silk fabric,
             •  Burn test setup (optional)          - 1 No.        Polyester fabric, Blended fabric.
             •  Towel                               - 1 No.
             •  Observation worksheet (pen notebook). - 1 No.

           PROCEDURE

           TASK 1: Identification of fiber, yarn, and fabric suitable for wet processing
           Fiber identification and suitability for wet processing                   Table 1

           Step 1: Visual inspection (Physical characteristics)          Fiber           Absorbency behavious
           •  Place fiber samples on white paper.                   Cotton
           •  Observe                                               Wool
              a  Color                                              Silk
              b  Luster (Shiny/Dull)                                Polyester

              c  Length (Staple or Filament)                        Nylon
           Observe all samples one by one.                      Step 4: Burn Test(Optional– Under Teacher Supervision)
           Step 2: Touch and feel test:                         •  Burn a small piece of each fiber.
           •  Rub fibers between fingers.                       •  Observe burning behavior, smell, and ash/residue.
           •  Note softness, elasticity, and surface smoothness.                     Table 2

           Step 3: Water absorbency test:
                                                                   Fiber   Burn behaviour      Suitable for wet
           •  Place 2-3 drops of water on each fiber sample.                                    processing
           •  Observe absorption rate.                           Cotton
           •  Write all the observations  in the below mentioned   Wool
              table 1.                                           Silk
                                                                 Polyester
                                                                 Nylon

           TASK 2: Yarn identification and suitability for wet processing
           Step 1: Visual inspection:                           Step 2: Twist and ply test:

           •  Observe  yarn thickness, uniformity, twist, and   •  Untwist a small piece of yarn.
              number of plies.
                                                                •  Count the number of plies (single yarn, 2-ply, etc.).
           •  Look for hairiness or smoothness.

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